肠化生相关分子与胃癌的发生和进展研究概况(3)

7结 语

综上所述，从正常胃黏膜到GIM到GC的转变过程是由环境和遗传等多种因素相互作用而形成 ，但环境因素不能作为评估早期GC的标准，所以我们从分子基因层面来评估胃癌发生风险。本文针对癌基因、端粒酶、DNA甲基化、CD24、AQP3、LGR5、Ki67、SOX2、CDX2等相关因子与GIM、GC间的关系进行了简要概述，可以发现胃黏膜细胞在癌变过程中存在诸多分子基因的变化与积累，且影响GC的发生、发展以及恶化、转归等，从IM到GC的进展是较为漫长的过程，因此对GIM和GC的早期干预有助于提高患者预后。相信随着科学技术的迅速发展 ,GIM的分子基因学研究结果将更加可靠，GC分子基因学的研究能为GC的早期预防提供分子基因学依据，从而降低GC的发病率与病死率。

[1] Ferlay J，Soerjomataram I，Dikshit R,etal. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources，methods and major patterns in globocan 2012[J].Int J Cancer,2015,136(5):E359-86.

[2] Spence AD，Cardwell CR，Mc-Menaminu C,etal. Adenocarcinoma risk in gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia: a systematic review[J]. BMC Gastroenterol,2017,17(1):157.

[3] De Vries AC，Van Grieken NC，Looman CW,etal. Gastric cancer risk in patients with premalignant gastric lesions: a nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands[J]. Gastroenterology,2008,134(4):945-52.

[4] Dinis-Ribeiro M，Areia M,De-Vries AC，etal. Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS): guideline from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE)，European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG)，European Society of Pathology (ESP)，and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED)[J].Endoscopy,2012 ,44(1):74-94.

[5] Lochhead P，El-Omar EM. Molecular predictors of gastric neoplastic progression[J]. Cancer Cell,2018,33(1):9-11.

[6] Calcagno DQ，Leal MF，Assumpcao PP,etal. MYC and gastric adenocarcinoma carcinogenesis[J]. World J Gastroenterol 2008,14(39):5962-5968.

[7] Calcagno DQ，Leal MF，Demachki S,etal. MYC in gastric carcinoma and intestinal metaplasia of young adults[J]. Cancer Genet Cytogenet,2010,202(1):63-66.

[8] Silva TC，Leal MF，Calcagno DQ,etal. hTERT，MYC and TP53 deregulation in gastric preneoplastic lesions[J]. BMC Gastroenterol,2012,12:85.

[9] Huang KK,Ramnarayanan K,Zhu F,etal. Genomic and epigenomic profiling of high-risk intestinal metaplasia reveals molecular determinants of progression to gastric cancer[J]. Cancer Cell,2018,33(1):137-150.

[10] Hu BS，Hu H,Zhu CY,etal. Overexpression of GOLPH3 is associated with poor clinical outcome in gastric cancer[J]. Tumor Biol,2013,34:515-520.

[11] Peng J,Fang Y,Tao Y,etal. Mechanisms of GOLPH3 associated with the progression of gastric cancer: a preliminary study[J]. PLoS One,2014,9(10):e.

[12] Liu Y，Sun Y，Zhao A. MicroRNA-134 suppresses cell proliferation in gastric cancer cells via targeting of GOLPH3[J].Oncol Rep,2017,37(4):2441-2448.

[13] Shim JH，Yoon JH，Choi SS,etal. The effect of Helicobacter pylori，CagA on the HER-2，copy number and expression in gastric cancer[J].Gene,2014,546(2):288-296.

[14] 侯洁心,郭 萍. 免疫组化标志物Her-2和肿瘤标志物在胃癌诊断中的价值分析[J]. 陕西医学杂志,2019,48(1):121-124.

[15] Fusco N，Rocco EG，Del-Conte C,etal. HER2 in gastric cancer: a digital image analysis in pre-neoplastic，primary and metastatic lesions[J]. Mod Pathol，2013，26(6):816-824.

[16] Jiang Y，Qi X，Liu X, haploinsufficiency loses its protection against DNA damage and accelerates MNU-induced gastric carcinogenesis[J]. Oncotarget,2017,8(20):-.

[17] Busuttil RA，Zapparoli GV，Haupt S,etal. Role of p53 in the progression of gastric cancer[J]. Oncotarget,2014,5(23):-.

[18] Chen BJ，Zeng S，Xie R,etal. hTERT promotes gastric intestinal metaplasia by upregulating CDX2 via NF-κB signaling pathway[J]. Oncotarget,2017,8(16):-.

[19] Tahara T，Shibata T，Kawamura T,etal. Telomere length shortening in gastric mucosa is a field effect associated with increased risk of gastric cancer[J]. Virchows Arch，2016,469(1):19-24.

[20] Zhao H,Wen J,Dong X,etal. Identification of AQP3 and CD24 as biomarkers for carcinogenesis of gastric intestinal metaplasia[J]. Oncotarget,2017,8(38):-.

文章来源：《分子科学学报》 网址: http://www.fzkxxbzz.cn/qikandaodu/2021/0307/628.html